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Characteristics of soot particles from CAST

Morphology |||Particle size distribution |||EC/OC

          
 Soot particles from CAST are agglomerate of spherical soot particles (primary particle) formed in the flame. The image of transmission electronic microscope (TEM) shows that their structure is the same as, e.g., the soot particles from diesel engine have 

 
    TEM image of soot particles  
    generated by CAST  
          

Particle size distribution|||Morphology  |||EC/OC

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 Both the unimodal and bimodal size distributions of soot particles from CAST depend on the flame state being used and can be generated with different mean diameters and concentrations.

Unimodal size distributions

  
          
   

Series of size distribution.gif (33570 Byte)

   
   

Unimodal particle size distributions

   
          
 Bimodal size distributions  
   

bimodal.gif (3569 Byte)

   
   

 Possibility of producing bimodal size distribution

   

EC/OC|||Morphology |||Particle size distribution

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 Soot with different mean particle size shows different EC/OC ratio. The larger the soot particles are, the higher is their EC portion in soot. The explanation therefore comes from the understanding of the combustion process:

Within a flame or in a combustion process smaller particles are generated in the following cases:

1. when the combustion is quenched or stopped by other influencing factors in a earlier phase of the soot formation, and PAHs that are formed before as intermediate products of soot formation remain on the soot particles.

2. when soot particles are oxidized and become smaller. This reaction runs in the opposite direction of the soot formation and a part of soot particles are reduced to liquid PAHs.

These are of real processes which can be found in combustion engines as well.

  
  

   
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